Find the Fourier transform of the function:

F(u) = ∫∞ -∞ f(x) exp(-i2πux) dx = ∫∞ -∞ exp(-x^2) exp(-i2πux) dx = exp(-π^2 u^2)

Find the transfer function of the system.

The transfer function of the system is given by:

h(x) = sinc(x)

In conclusion, "Introduction to Fourier Optics" by Joseph W. Goodman is a comprehensive textbook that provides a detailed introduction to the subject of Fourier optics. The book covers a wide range of topics, from the basics of Fourier analysis to the application of Fourier optics in modern optical systems. The problem solutions provided in this article demonstrate the application of Fourier optics to various optical systems. Fourier optics is an essential tool in modern optics, and its applications are diverse and widespread.